ASTM E647-11e1
Historical Standard: ASTM E647-11e1 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates
SUPERSEDED (see Active link, below)
ASTM E647
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fatigue crack growth rates from near-threshold to K max controlled instability. Results are expressed in terms of the crack-tip stress-intensity factor range ( ? K ), defined by the theory of linear elasticity.
1.2 Several different test procedures are provided, the optimum test procedure being primarily dependent on the magnitude of the fatigue crack growth rate to be measured.
1.3 Materials that can be tested by this test method are not limited by thickness or by strength so long as specimens are of sufficient thickness to preclude buckling and of sufficient planar size to remain predominantly elastic during testing.
1.4 A range of specimen sizes with proportional planar dimensions is provided, but size is variable to be adjusted for yield strength and applied force. Specimen thickness may be varied independent of planar size.
1.5 The details of the various specimens and test configurations are shown in Annex A1-Annex A3. Specimen configurations other than those contained in this method may be used provided that well-established stress-intensity factor calibrations are available and that specimens are of sufficient planar size to remain predominantly elastic during testing.
1.6 Residual stress/crack closure may significantly influence the fatigue crack growth rate data, particularly at low stress-intensity factors and low stress ratios, although such variables are not incorporated into the computation of ? K .
1.7 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This test method is divided into two main parts. The first part gives general information concerning the recommendations and requirements for fatigue crack growth rate testing. The second part is composed of annexes that describe the special requirements for various specimen configurations, special requirements for testing in aqueous environments, and procedures for non-visual crack size determination. In addition, there are appendices that cover techniques for calculating da/dN, determining fatigue crack opening force, and guidelines for measuring the growth of small fatigue cracks. General information and requirements common to all specimen types are listed as follows:
| Section | |
| Referenced Documents | 2 |
| Terminology | 3 |
| Summary of Use | 4 |
| Significance and Use | 5 |
| Apparatus | 6 |
| Specimen Configuration, Size, and Preparation | 7 |
| Procedure | 8 |
| Calculations and Interpretation of Results | 9 |
| Report | 10 |
| Precision and Bias | 11 |
| Special Requirements for Testing in Aqueous Environments | Annex A4 |
| Guidelines for Use of Compliance to Determine Crack Size | Annex A5 |
| Guidelines for Electric Potential Difference Determination of Crack Size | Annex A6 |
| Recommended Data Reduction Techniques | Appendix X1 |
| Recommended Practice for Determination of Fatigue Crack Opening Force From Compliance | Appendix X2 |
| Guidelines for Measuring the Growth Rates Of Small Fatigue Cracks | Appendix X3 |
1.9 Special requirements for the various specimen configurations appear in the following order:
| The Compact Specimen | Annex A1 |
| The Middle Tension Specimen | Annex A2 |
| The Eccentrically-Loaded Single Edge Crack Tension Specimen | Annex A3 |
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
X2.2.1 This appendix covers the experimental determination of fatigue crack opening force in tests of the specimens outlined in this test method, subjected to constant amplitude or slowly changing (similar to force shedding rates recommended in this test method for threshold tests at constant force ratio) loading.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
E338 Test Method of Sharp-Notch Tension Testing of High-Strength Sheet Materials
E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K Ic of Metallic Materials
E467 Practice for Verification of Constant Amplitude Dynamic Forces in an Axial Fatigue Testing System
E561 Test Method for K-R Curve Determination
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Specimen Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial Force Application
E1820 Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
Keywords
constant amplitude; crack size; fatigue crack growth rate; stress intensity factor range;
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 77.040.10 (Mechanical testing of metals)
DOI: 10.1520/E0647-11E01
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