Significance and Use

This test method is used to determine the time to sustained flaming and heat release of materials and composites exposed to a prescribed initial test heat flux in the cone calorimeter apparatus.

Quantitative heat release measurements provide information that can be used for upholstery and mattress product designs and product development.

Heat release measurements provide useful information for product development by yielding a quantitative measure of specific changes in fire performance caused by component and composite modifications. Heat release data from this test method will not be predictive of product behavior if the product does not spread flame over its surface under the fire exposure conditions of interest.

Test Limitations The test data are invalid if either of the following conditions occur: ( 1 ) explosive spalling; or ( 2 ) the specimen swells sufficiently prior to ignition to touch the spark plug, or the specimen swells up to the plane of the heater base during combustion.

1. Scope

1.1 This fire-test-response test method can be used to determine the ignitability and heat release from the composites of contract, institutional, or high-risk occupancy upholstered furniture or mattresses using a bench scale oxygen consumption calorimeter.

1.2 This test method provides for measurement of the time to sustained flaming, heat release rate, peak and total heat release, and effective heat of combustion at a constant initial test heat flux of 35 kW/m ² . This test method is also suitable to obtain heat release data at different heating fluxes. The specimen is oriented horizontally, and a spark ignition source is used.

1.3 The times to sustained flaming, heat release, and effective heat of combustion are determined using the apparatus and procedures described in Test Method E1354 .

1.4 The tests are performed on bench-scale specimens combining the furniture or mattress outer layer components. Frame elements are not included.

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.6 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.

1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles

D5865 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

E176 Terminology of Fire Standards

E603 Guide for Room Fire Experiments

E906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile Method

E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter

Other Documents

Keywords

calorimeter; fire; fire test response; heat release; ignition; oxygen consumption; small scale; upholstered furniture; Heating tests--textile materials/applications; Heat release; Mattresses; Oxygen bomb calorimeter methods; Oxygen consumption calorimetry; Sustained burning test; Upholstery fabrics/materials/applications; Bench scale oxygen consumption calorimeter; Composites; Fire testing--consumer materials/applications; Flammability--textile fabrics/fibers; Furniture;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 13.220.40 (Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products); 97.140 (Furniture)

DOI: 10.1520/E1474-10

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM E1474