1. Scope

1.1 This practice provides information required to prepare sulfur prints (also referred to as Baumann Prints) of most ferrous alloys to reveal the distribution of sulfide inclusions.

1.2 The sulfur print reveals the distribution of sulfides in steels with bulk sulfur contents between about 0.005 and 0.40 weight percent.

1.3 Certain steels contain complex sulfides that do not respond to the test solutions, for example, steels containing titanium sulfides or chromium sulfides.

1.4 The sulfur print test is a qualitative test. The density of the print image should not be used to assess the sulfur content of a steel. Under carefully controlled conditions, it is possible to compare print image intensities if the images are formed only by manganese sulfides.

1.5 The sulfur print image will reveal details of the solidification pattern or metal flow from hot or cold working on appropriately chosen and prepared test specimens.

1.6 This practice does not address acceptance criteria based on the use of the method.

1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens

E7 Terminology Relating to Metallography

E340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and Alloys

E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings

E407 Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys

Keywords

Baumann print; ferrous alloys; macrostructural evaluation; photographic paper; specimen preparation; sulfur print; Baumann prints; Cast iron (testing); Deoxidation; Failure end point--metals/alloys; Ferrous metals/alloys; Killed steel sulfur distribution; Macrostructural examination; Manganese sulfide; Metal flow; Nondestructive evaluation (NDE); Rimming action; Silver sulfide; Solidification patterns; Steel; Structural metals/alloys; Sulfide distribution; Sulfur--metals/alloys; Sulfur print test

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 71.060.10 (Chemical elements)

DOI: 10.1520/E1180-94R98

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