Significance and Use

This test method is suitable for setting specifications on benzene and for use as an internal quality control tool where benzene is either produced or used in a manufacturing process.

This test method was found applicable for determining thiophene in refined benzene conforming to the specifications described in Specification D2359 and may be applicable toward other grades of benzene if the user has taken the necessary precautions as described in the text.

This test method was developed as an alternative technique to Test Method D1685 .

1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers the determination of thiophene in refined benzene in the range from 0.80 to 1.80 mg/kg for the Flame Photometric Detector (FPD), and from 0.14 to 2.61 mg/kg for the Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector (PFPD). For the PFPD, the minimum level of quantitation (LOQ) is 0.14 mg/kg and the minimum level of detection (LOD) is 0.04 mg/kg, as described in ASTM Research Report RR: D16-1038. The range of the test method may be extended by modifying the sample injection volume, split ratios, calibration range, or sample dilution with thiophene-free solvent.

1.2 This test method has been found applicable to benzene characteristic of the type described in Specifications D2359 and D4734 and may be applicable to other types or grades of benzene only after the user has demonstrated that the procedure can completely resolve thiophene from the other organic contaminants contained in the sample.

1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this test method: for purposes of determining conformance to applicable specification using this test method, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29 .

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D1193 Specification for Reagent Water

D1685 Test Method for Traces of Thiophene in Benzene by Spectrophotometry

D2359 Specification for Refined Benzene-535

D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products

D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products

D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products

D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards

D4734 Specification for Refined Benzene-545

D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials

E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications

E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods

E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography

E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships

E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

E840 Practice for Using Flame Photometric Detectors in Gas Chromatography

E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs

Keywords

benzene; capillary column; flame photometric detector; gas chromatography; pulsed flame photometric detector; split/splitless injector; thiophene; Benzene; Flame photometric detectors (FPD); Gas chromatography (GC)--paints/related coatings/materials; Thiophene content;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 71.080.15 (Aromatic hydrocarbons)

DOI: 10.1520/D4735-09

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM D4735