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eLibrary > BS EN 15313:2024 Railway applications. In-service wheelset operation requirements. In-service and off-vehicle wheelset maintenance >

BS EN 15313:2024 Railway applications. In-service wheelset operation requirements. In-service and off-vehicle wheelset maintenance, 2024

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1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
4 Maintenance [Go to Page]
4.1 General
4.2 Maintenance organization [Go to Page]
4.2.1 Maintenance organization plan
4.2.2 Maintenance plan
4.2.3 Service experience
4.2.4 Traceability – storage – transportation [Go to Page]
4.2.4.1 Wheelset identification
4.2.4.2 Traceability of operations and transfers
4.2.4.3 Database
4.2.4.4 Storage
4.2.4.5 Handling and transportation conditions for new or maintained wheelsets
4.3 Equipment and systems
4.4 Staff certification and competence
4.5 Qualification of an undertaking for the maintenance of in-service or off-vehicle wheelsets
5 Definition and illustrations of a wheelset, its associated components and defects [Go to Page]
5.1 Definition and illustrations of a wheelset [Go to Page]
5.1.1 Wheelset
5.1.2 Axle
5.1.3 Wheel
5.1.4 Axlebox
5.2 Functional references of the rail-wheel interface [Go to Page]
5.2.1 Wheelset functional references
5.2.2 Wheel functional references
5.3 Definitions and illustrations of defects
6 Requirements and operations [Go to Page]
6.1 General
6.2 Requirements [Go to Page]
6.2.1 In-service limit dimensions and positions [Go to Page]
6.2.1.1 General
6.2.1.2 Flange height “h”
6.2.1.3 Flange thickness “e”
6.2.1.4 “qR” dimension
6.2.1.5 Back-to-back dimension “a1”
6.2.1.6 Front-to-front dimension “a2”
6.2.1.7 Wear groove
6.2.1.8 Wear limit and last reprofiling diameters
6.2.1.9 Chamfer
6.2.1.10 Rim width “L” without roll-over
6.2.2 Special maintenance action for freight wagon axles according to axle load
6.2.3 Maintenance decision criteria for in-service wheels for all types of wheel [Go to Page]
6.2.3.1 Limit lengths of wheel tread defects (e.g. flats, metal build-up, shelling, cavities, scaling, tread indentation, isolated transverse cracking, material loss, etc.) (C.2.1 to C.2.6) and circularity defects (C.2.7)
6.2.3.2 Spalling (Thermal effects due to tread braking) (C.2.8)
6.2.3.3 Rolling contact fatigue (C.2.9)
6.2.3.4 Thermal cracks (C.2.10)
6.2.3.5 Wheel tread roll-over (C.2.11)
6.2.3.6 Damage to chamfered corner (C.2.12)
6.2.3.7 Wheel tread – grooves and channels (C.2.13)
6.2.3.8 False flange (C.2.14)
6.2.3.9 Damage on the flange (C.2.15)
6.2.3.10 Radial marks and radial defects on the internal side of the rim (FIJ) (C.2.16)
6.2.3.11 Damage resulting from identification markings (C.2.17)
6.2.3.12 Damage from lathe driving tools (C.2.18)
6.2.3.13 Defects on the external face of the rim (FEJ)
6.2.3.14 Defects on the web and the hub of a wheel (C.2.19 to C.2.22)
6.2.4 Maintenance decision criteria for in-service wheels for specific wheel types [Go to Page]
6.2.4.1 Deep sub-surface tread defect on monobloc wheel (C.3.1)
6.2.4.2 Defects on the web of a wheel used as a braking surface (C.3.2.1)
6.2.4.3 Thermal overloading of wheels - Overheating affecting the wheel rim/web transition on monobloc wheels (C.3.2.2)
6.2.4.4 Tyred wheel defects (C.3.3)
6.2.5 Damage acceptance limits for axle bodies [Go to Page]
6.2.5.1 Damage caused by corrosion (C.4.1 and C.4.2)
6.2.5.2 Circumferential defects around the whole circumference (C.4.3.1)
6.2.5.3 Circumferential defect on a singular zone (C.4.3.2)
6.2.5.4 Notches and impact damage (C.4.4)
6.2.5.5 Longitudinal defects (C.4.5)
6.2.5.6 Damage in the interference fit zones (C.4.6)
6.2.6 Criteria for axlebox (C.5)
6.2.7 Criteria on wheelsets [Go to Page]
6.2.7.1 In-service axial or angular movement of a wheel or of one of the other components (C.6.3)
6.2.7.2 Marking of wheelsets with wheels designed according to EN 139791:2023
6.2.7.3 Electrical resistance of wheelsets after heavy maintenance
6.2.8 Specific requirements for tyred wheels and resilient wheels
6.2.9 Limit value for axle wheel seat diameter
6.3 Reprofiling operation
6.4 Dimensions after reprofiling [Go to Page]
6.4.1 Front-to-front dimension “a2”
6.4.2 Diameter difference between wheels on the same axle
6.4.3 Limit values of radial run-out as a function of the maximum operating speed authorized for the vehicle
6.4.4 Wheel axial run-out as a function of the maximum operating speed authorized for the vehicle
6.4.5 Parts of the tread that are not re-profiled
6.4.6 Radial marks and radial defects on the internal side of the rim
6.5 Maintenance operations, examinations and inspections [Go to Page]
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Detection of tread defects
6.5.3 Detection of thermal damage on the wheel rim or tyre
6.5.4 Detection of wheel tread roll-over
6.5.5 Detection of damage to chamfered corner and flange
6.5.6 Detection of damage resulting from identification markings
6.5.7 Detection of defects on the external and internal face of the rim
6.5.8 Verification of web integrity
6.5.9 Verification of hub integrity
6.5.10 Verification of rim integrity - Detection of deep sub-surface tread defects
6.5.11 Detection of thermal defects on the web of a wheel used as a braking surface
6.5.12 Detection of overheating affecting the wheel rim-web transition on monobloc wheels
6.5.13 Verification of axle surface integrity [Go to Page]
6.5.13.1 General
6.5.13.2 Visual inspection of axle surface integrity of wheelsets for freight wagons
6.5.14 Detection of damage caused by corrosion
6.5.15 Detection of circumferential defects around the whole circumference
6.5.16 Detection of circumferential defects in a singular section of the circumference
6.5.17 Detection of notches and impact damage
6.5.18 Detection of longitudinal defects on axles
6.5.19 Detection of damage in interference fit zones
6.5.20 Verification after rectification
6.5.21 Verification of residual magnetism
6.5.22 Lubrication operation
6.5.23 Checking for axlebox defects
6.5.24 Verification of wheelset electrical resistance after heavy maintenance of wheelsets
6.6 Requirements for additional maintenance equipment and operations
7 In-service wheelset maintenance [Go to Page]
7.1 Maintenance plan
7.2 Wheelset protection during vehicle and bogie cleaning
8 Off-vehicle wheelset maintenance [Go to Page]
8.1 Maintenance plan
8.2 Key operations for off-vehicle wheelset maintenance
8.3 Off-vehicle wheelset cleaning
8.4 NDT Interval
9 Action to be taken on any wheelset after an incident in service or when not covered by the maintenance plan [Go to Page]
9.1 Wheelset bearings subject to water ingress
9.2 Wheelsets having been subjected to a short circuit current (e.g. from falling overhead line equipment, etc.)
9.3 Detection of a wheel circularity defect by a trackside facility or an onboard monitoring system
9.4 Wheelsets loaded over the allowed limit
9.5 Hot axlebox detection [Go to Page]
9.5.1 General
9.5.2 Technical procedure
9.6 Derailment
9.7 Head-on collision
9.8 Lubricant leakage or loss from the axlebox
9.9 Thermal overloaded wheels, brake incident (detection of seized brake or discoloration)
9.10 Reporting after detection of a wheelset irregularity outside the maintenance plan
10 Equipment not subject to Directive (EU) 2016/797
11 Summary table of requirements of this document
Annex A (normative)Minimum database content for freight wagon wheelset traceability [Go to Page]
A.1 Data categories for storage time
A.2 Minimum data to be collected [Go to Page]
A.2.1 Wheelset
A.2.2 Wheelset axle
A.2.3 Wheels
A.2.4 Bearings
A.2.5 Medium and heavy wheelset maintenance
A.2.6 Vehicle in which the wheelset is fitted (not applicable for bogies with variable gauge) and in-service incidents (since applying traceability system)
A.3 Measures to be applied resulting from lack of traceability
Annex B (informative)Database content for the traceability of wheelsets of vehicles in the scope of TSI “Rolling stock - Locomotive and passenger rated vehicles” (TSI Loc and Pas) [Go to Page]
B.1 Data categories for storage time
B.2 Minimum data to be collected [Go to Page]
B.2.1 Wheelset
B.2.2 Axle
B.2.3 Wheels
B.2.4 Bearings
B.2.5 Medium and heavy wheelset maintenance
B.2.6 Vehicle in which the wheelset is fitted (not applicable for bogies with variable gauge) and in-service incidents (since applying traceability system)
B.3 Measures to be applied resulting from lack of traceability
Annex C (normative)Definition and illustration of defects [Go to Page]
C.1 General
C.2 Defects for all types of wheel [Go to Page]
C.2.1 Wheel flat
C.2.2 Metal build-up
C.2.3 Shelling, cavities
C.2.4 Scaling
C.2.5 Tread indentation
C.2.6 Isolated transverse cracking
C.2.7 Circularity defect [Go to Page]
C.2.7.1 General
C.2.7.2 Local tread collapse
C.2.7.3 Periodic or stochastic out-of-round
C.2.8 Spalling (thermal effects due to tread braking)
C.2.9 Rolling contact fatigue
C.2.10 Thermal cracks
C.2.11 Wheel tread roll-over
C.2.12 Damage to chamfered corner
C.2.13 Wheel tread – grooves and channels (or smooth edged circumferential grooves and sharp edged circumferential fluting)
C.2.14 False flange / hollow wear
C.2.15 Damage on the flange
C.2.16 Sharp-edged radial marks and radial defects on the internal face of the rim (FIJ)
C.2.17 Damage resulting from identification markings
C.2.18 Damage from lathe driving tools
C.2.19 Sharp-edged circumferential defects on the web or wheel centre
C.2.20 Sharp-edged radial defect on the web
C.2.21 Wheel web hole defects
C.2.22 Cracks in the wheel hub
C.3 Defects specific to wheel types [Go to Page]
C.3.1 Deep sub-surface tread defect on monobloc wheels
C.3.2 Wheel web defects on monobloc wheels [Go to Page]
C.3.2.1 Defects on the web of a wheel used as braking surface
C.3.2.2 Thermal overloaded wheels / Overheating affecting the wheel rim/web transition
C.3.3 Exceptional thermomechanical stressing in tyred wheels
C.4 Axle defects [Go to Page]
C.4.1 Axle protection defect – Damage on the painting/coating
C.4.2 Corrosion
C.4.3 Circumferential defects [Go to Page]
C.4.3.1 Around the whole circumference
C.4.3.2 Circumferential defects on a singular zone
C.4.4 Notches and impact damage
C.4.5 Longitudinal defects
C.4.6 Damage in the interference fit zones
C.5 Axlebox defects
C.6 Wheelset defects [Go to Page]
C.6.1 General
C.6.2 Wheel distortion
C.6.3 In service axial or angular movement of a wheel or of one of the other components [Go to Page]
C.6.3.1 Axial movement
C.6.3.2 Angular movement
C.6.4 Bent axle
Annex D (normative)Freight stock
Annex E (informative)Rim size without roll-over for equipment not subject to Directive (EU) 2016/797
Annex F (normative)Definitions of Type A and B axles
Annex G (informative)Permissible circularity defects
Annex H (informative)Tyred wheels and resilient wheels [Go to Page]
H.1 General
H.2 Marking of tyred wheels and resilient wheels [Go to Page]
H.2.1 General
H.3 Tyre thickness of tyred wheels
H.4 Defects specific to tyred wheels
H.5 Verification of the electrical resistance during medium and heavy maintenance
Annex I (normative)Reference images for axle surface condition limits for off-vehicle wheelset maintenance [Go to Page]
I.1 General
I.2 Local and severe defect
I.3 Large and heavily corroded areas, strongly and uniformly pitted surface
I.4 Corrosion defects in abutment area and transition radii
Annex J (informative)NDT interval [Go to Page]
J.1 General
J.2 Axle
J.3 Wheel
Annex K (informative)Summary of the requirements of this standard for in-service boxed wheelsets
Annex L (informative)Characteristics of narrow gauge wheelsets
Annex M (informative)Characteristics of Spanish and Portuguese gauge wheelsets
Annex N (informative)Characteristics of Finnish and Baltic country gauge wheelsets
Annex ZA (informative)Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive (EU) 2016/797 aimed to be covered [Go to Page]

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