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22/30445514 DC BS 5410-3. Liquid fuel firing - Part 3. Installations for liquid fuelled standby generators, furnaces, kilns, ovens and other industrial purposes. Code of practice, 2022
- 30445514.pdf
- 30445514 - PDF.pdf [Go to Page]
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions [Go to Page]
- 3.1 batch (or intermittent) furnace
- 3.2 bund
- 3.3 chimney
- 3.4 continuous furnace
- 3.5 critical application standby generators
- 3.6 direct fired furnace [Go to Page]
- 3.6.1 open flame furnace
- 3.6.2 semi-muffle furnace
- 3.7 drip tray
- 3.8 fire screen wall
- 3.9 flammable liquids
- 3.10 flue duct
- 3.11 furnace
- 3.12 high temperature furnace
- 3.13 indirect fired furnace
- 3.14 low temperature furnace
- 3.15 moving fire furnace
- 3.16 primary tank
- 3.17 service tank
- 3.18 standby generator
- 3.19 tank chamber
- 4 Classification of fuels
- 5 Storage and handling temperatures for liquid fuels
- 6 Liquid fuel storage tanks and equipment [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Liquid fuel tank construction
- 6.2 Capacity
- 6.3 Selection of tanks [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 Above ground tanks
- 6.3.2 Below ground tanks
- 6.4 Equipment for measurement of contents of liquid fuel storage tanks [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 Tank contents control and gauging
- 6.4.2 Tank contents display systems [Go to Page]
- 6.4.2.1 General
- 6.4.2.2 Local display
- 6.4.2.3 Remote display
- 6.5 Filling and monitoring procedures of liquid fuel storage tanks
- 6.6 Fill pipes and connections
- 6.7 Vent pipes
- 6.8 Drainage and de-sludging facility
- 6.9 Multiple storage tanks with return line connections
- 6.10 Installation of liquid fuel storage tanks
- 6.11 Protection of steel tanks on site
- 6.12 Heating for liquid fuel storage tanks containing classes E, F, G and H oils and biofuels [Go to Page]
- 6.12.1 General
- 6.12.2 Whole-tank heating only
- 6.12.3 Tanks fitted with outflow heaters only
- 6.12.4 Tank heating combined with outflow heaters
- 6.12.5 Other recommendations for heating for liquid fuel storage tanks
- 6.13 Service tanks [Go to Page]
- 6.13.1 General
- 6.13.2 Heating of service tanks
- 6.14 Rooftop tanks
- 6.15 Environmental elements
- 7 Liquid fuel handling systems from storage tank to fuel-using equipment [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Fuel supply systems for distillate fuels [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 Gravity supply systems
- 7.2.2 Pumped supply systems [Go to Page]
- 7.2.2.1 General [Go to Page]
- 7.2.2.1.1 Single pipe system
- 7.2.2.1.2 Two pipe system
- 7.2.2.2 Use of transfer pump
- 7.2.2.3 Pumped ring main systems
- 7.2.2.4 Liquid fuel suction lines
- 7.2.2.5 Filters
- 7.2.2.6 Electric tracing [Go to Page]
- 7.2.2.6.1 General
- 7.2.2.6.2 Installation recommendations
- 7.2.3 Thermal insulation of pipelines
- 7.3 Materials and construction and erection of liquid fuel pipelines [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 Materials and construction
- 7.3.2 Erection of liquid fuel pipelines
- 7.4 Testing of the pipework installation [Go to Page]
- 7.4.1 General
- 7.4.2 Test method
- 7.5 Painting and identification
- 7.6 Fire valve systems and their installation
- 8 Accommodation for storage and service tanks [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General
- 8.2 Tanks above ground away from or outside buildings (other than over or upon the roof)
- 8.3 Steel tanks buried in the ground
- 8.4 Tanks within, on or over a building
- 8.5 Bunds (secondary containment)
- 8.6 Siting of tank chambers within buildings with reference to means of escape and accessibility [Go to Page]
- 8.6.1 Means of escape
- 8.6.2 Accessibility
- 8.7 Ventilation of tank chambers
- 8.8 Automatic fire-extinguishing installations and foam inlets in tank chambers
- 8.9 Lighting and electrical equipment in tank chambers
- 9 Fuel selection considerations
- 10 Standby generator sets [Go to Page]
- 10.1 General
- 10.2 Accommodation for bulk storage tanks
- 10.3 Fire protection
- 10.4 Noise levels
- 10.5 Exhaust emissions
- 10.6 Air Cooling System
- 10.7 Electrical capacity
- 10.8 Control system
- 10.9 Maintenance
- 10.10 Fuel filtration [Go to Page]
- 10.10.1 Filters
- 11 Control of standby generators [Go to Page]
- 11.1 General
- 11.2 Temperature and pressure control
- 12 Selection of burners for furnaces [Go to Page]
- 12.1 General
- 12.2 Choosing liquid fuel burning equipment
- 13 Selection and application of burner types for furnaces [Go to Page]
- 13.1 General
- 13.2 Maximum and minimum heat input requirements
- 13.3 Heat release rates (heat release rate per unit volume)
- 13.4 Type and shape of flame
- 13.5 Configuration of the combustion zone
- 13.6 Combustion air source
- 13.7 Pressure in the combustion zone
- 13.8 Positioning of burners
- 13.9 Noise level
- 14 Accommodation for and installation of furnaces [Go to Page]
- 14.1 General
- 14.2 Fire resistance for furnace accommodation [Go to Page]
- 14.2.1 Building design
- 14.2.2 Proximities
- 14.2.3 Enclosures
- 14.2.4 Foundations
- 14.2.5 Access doorways for buildings
- 14.3 Automatic fire extinguishing installations and foam inlets
- 14.4 Access to and means of escape from buildings in which furnaces are located [Go to Page]
- 14.4.1 Means of escape
- 14.4.2 Ventilation
- 14.4.3 Access and escape routes
- 14.5 Smoke outlets
- 14.6 Lighting
- 14.7 Plant access
- 14.8 Ventilation and supply of combustion air
- 15 Waste gas handling equipment – Chimneys
- 16 Means of heat recovery from waste gases [Go to Page]
- 16.1 Regenerators
- 16.2 Recuperators
- 16.3 Waste heat combustion equipment and economizers
- 17 Air supply facilities
- 18 Arrangements of additional ventilation where flammable solvents are evaporated in furnaces (ovens)
- 19 Explosion relief
- 20 Exhausts
- 21 Commissioning, performance tests and handover [Go to Page]
- 21.1 Commissioning arrangements
- 21.2 Pre-commissioning procedure
- 21.3 Commissioning procedure [Go to Page]
- 21.3.1 General
- 21.3.2 Liquid fuel storage system
- 21.3.3 Liquid fuel handling system [Go to Page]
- 21.3.3.1 General
- 21.3.3.2 Systems for class D fuels and biofuels
- 21.3.3.3 Systems for class E, class F, class G and class H fuels and biofuels
- 21.3.4 Liquid fuel burners [Go to Page]
- 21.3.4.1 General
- 21.3.4.2 Broad guide to procedure prior to firing
- 21.3.4.3 Broad guide for procedure for firing
- 21.4 Performance tests
- 21.5 Handover
- 22 Maintenance [Go to Page]
- 22.1 General
- 22.2 Supplier’s and/or installer’s responsibility [Go to Page]
- 22.2.1 Instructions
- 22.2.2 Maintenance facilities
- 22.3 User’s responsibility
- 23 Furnace, kiln and oven operating and maintenance instructions
- 24 Combustion and safety controls for burners [Go to Page]
- 24.1 General
- 24.2 Flame monitoring
- 24.3 Failure of ignition [Go to Page]
- 24.3.1 Automatic light-up
- 24.3.2 Manual light-up
- 24.3.3 Liquid fuel or vapour present
- 24.4 Failure of electricity supply and voltage variations
- 24.5 Plant breakdown
- 24.6 Excess temperature
- 24.7 Change from selected liquid fuel pressure conditions
- 24.8 High or low liquid fuel temperature change
- 24.9 Fan failure
- 24.10 Fire at appliance
- 24.11 Remote alarms
- 25 Waste gas removal [Go to Page]
- 25.1 Height of chimneys
- 25.2 Number of chimneys or flues
- 25.3 Chimney cross-sectional area
- 25.4 Chimney exit
- 25.5 Internal surfaces of flues
- 25.6 Types of construction
- 25.7 Lightning conductors
- 25.8 Inspection access
- 25.9 Connecting flues
- 25.10 Dampers, draught control and combustion explosion relief doors
- 25.11 Induced-draught fans
- 25.12 Balanced flues
- 26 Fans (induced draught or recirculation)
- 27 Ejectors
- 28 Waste gases cleaning equipment
- 29 Electrical equipment [Go to Page]
- 29.1 General
- 29.2 Wiring
- 29.3 Electrical isolation of standby generators
- 29.4 Electrical enclosures, components and cabling
- 30 Automatic shut-off valves and manually operated isolating valves
- 31 Process regulated control devices
- 32 Valve actuators
- 33 Ignition equipment [Go to Page]
- 33.1 Maximum gas heat input
- 33.2 Types of ignition equipment [Go to Page]
- 33.2.1 Hand torch
- 33.2.2 Direct spark ignition
- 33.2.3 Permanent gas pilot
- 33.2.4 Spark/gas igniters
- 34 Starting-up, shutting-down and flame monitoring control devices
- 35 Pressure indicators
- 36 Temperature indicators
- 37 Flow meters and flow indicators
- 38 Instrumentation [Go to Page]
- 38.1 Essential instrumentation
- 38.2 Other instrumentation
- 39 Proving devices
- 40 Safety control devices [Go to Page]
- 40.1 General
- 40.2 Liquid fuel handling system
- 40.3 Housekeeping
- 40.4 Protection against combustion explosions
- 40.5 Fire precautions
- 41 Visual supervision facilities
- 42 Hazards from use of air filters in combustion systems
- 43 Hazards arising from accumulation of unburnt liquid fuel in furnaces
- Annex A (informative) Types of burners [Go to Page]
- A.1 General
- A.2 Pressure-jet burners [Go to Page]
- A.2.1 General
- A.2.2 Simplex pressure-jet
- A.2.3 Spill return pressure-jet
- A.2.4 Duplex pressure-jet
- A.2.5 Duple pressure-jet
- A.3 Two-fluid type [Go to Page]
- A.3.1 General
- A.3.2 High pressure air or steam type
- A.3.3 Medium pressure air type
- A.3.4 Low pressure air type
- A.3.5 Spinning cup or rotary type
- A.3.6 Emulsifying type
- A.3.7 Steam or air assisted pressure-jet type
- A.4 Types of burner control
- A.5 Low NOx burners
- A.6 Multi-fuel burners
- Annex B (informative) Maintenance schedule for standby generators [Go to Page]
