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eLibrary > ASCE/SEI 8-22:Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members >

ASCE/SEI 8-22:Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members, 2023

Specification for theDesign of Cold-FormedStainless SteelStructural Members
CONTENTS
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 1: General Provisions [Go to Page]
1.1 Scope, Applicability, and Definitions [Go to Page]
1.1.1 Scope
1.1.2 Applicability
1.1.3 Definitions
Stainless Steel Specific Terms
General Terms
ASD and LRFD Terms
1.1.4 Units of Symbols and Terms
1.2 Reference SPECIFICATIONS and Standards
1.3 Material [Go to Page]
1.3.1 Standards and Codes for Specifying Stainless Steels
1.3.1.1 Applicable Stainless Steel Alloys
1.3.1.2 Applicable Standards for Stainless Steel Sheet and Strip
1.3.1.3 Finish
1.3.1.4 Welding
1.3.1.5 Mechanical Assemblies
1.3.2 Other Stainless Steels
1.3.2.1 Ductility
1.3.3 Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation
1.3.4 Corrosion Performance
1.3.4.1 Service Environment Assessment
1.3.4.2 Minimum Specification Requirements to Avoid Corrosion Failure
1.3.4.2.1 Galvanic Corrosion
1.3.4.2.2 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking
1.3.4.2.3 Crevice Corrosion
1.3.4.2.4 Salt or Brackish Water Immersion
1.3.5 Yield Stress and Strength Increase from Cold Work of Forming
1.3.5.1 Yield Stress
1.3.5.2 Strength Increase from Cold Work of Forming
Chapter 2: Design Requirements [Go to Page]
2.1 General Provisions
2.2 Loads and Load Combinations
2.3 Design Basis [Go to Page]
2.3.1 Required Strength
2.3.2 Design for Strength
2.3.2.1 Allowable Strength Design Requirements
2.3.2.2 Load and Resistance Factor Design Requirements
2.3.3 Design for Structural Members
2.3.4 Design for Connections
2.3.4.1 Design for Anchorage to Concrete
2.3.5 Design for Stability
2.3.6 Design for Serviceability
2.3.7 Design for Fatigue
2.3.8 Design for Corrosion Effects
2.4 Dimensional Limits and Considerations [Go to Page]
2.4.1 Limitations for Use of the Effective Width Method or the Direct Strength Method
2.4.2 Members Falling Outside of the Applicability Limits
2.5 Member Properties
2.6 Material Properties
2.7 Quality Control and Quality Assurance [Go to Page]
2.7.1 Delivered Minimum Thickness
Chapter 3: Design for Stability [Go to Page]
3.1 Design for System Stability [Go to Page]
3.1.1 Direct Analysis Method Using Rigorous Second-Order Elastic Analysis
3.1.1.1 Determination of Required Strengths
3.1.1.1.1 Analysis
3.1.1.1.2 Consideration of Initial Imperfections
3.1.1.1.3 Modification of Section Stiffness
3.1.1.2 Determination of Available Strengths
3.1.2 Direct Analysis Method Using Amplified First-Order Elastic Analysis
3.1.2.1 Determination of Required Strengths
3.1.2.1.1 Analysis
3.1.2.1.2 Consideration of Initial Imperfections
3.1.2.1.3 Modification of Section Stiffness
3.1.2.2 Determination of Available Strengths
3.1.3 Effective Length Method
3.1.3.1 Determination of Required Strengths
3.1.3.1.1 Analysis
3.1.3.1.2 Consideration of Initial Imperfections
3.1.3.2 Determination of Available Strengths
3.2 Member Bracing [Go to Page]
3.2.1 Bracing of Axially Loaded Compression Members
3.2.2 Bracing of Flexural Members
3.2.2.1 Neither Flange Connected to Sheathing that Contributes to the Strength and Stability of the C- or Z-Section
Chapter 4: Members in Tension [Go to Page]
4.1 General Requirements
4.2 Yielding of Gross Section [Go to Page]
4.2.1 Initiation of Yielding
4.2.2 Inelastic Reserve Strength
4.3 Rupture of Net Section
Chapter 5: Members in Compression [Go to Page]
5.1 General Requirements
5.2 Yielding and Global (Flexural, Flexural-Torsional, and Torsional) Buckling [Go to Page]
5.2.1 Sections Not Subject to Torsional or Flexural-Torsional Buckling
5.2.2 Singly Symmetric Sections Subject to Flexural-Torsional Buckling
5.2.3 Doubly or Point Symmetric Sections
5.2.4 Nonsymmetric Sections
5.3 Local Buckling Interacting With Yielding and Global Buckling [Go to Page]
5.3.1 Effective Width Method
5.3.1.1 Members without Holes
5.3.1.2 Members with Holes
5.3.2 Direct Strength Method
5.3.2.1 Members without Holes
5.3.2.2 Members with Holes
5.3.3 Closed Cylindrical Tubular Sections
5.4 Distortional Buckling [Go to Page]
5.4.1 Members without Holes
5.4.2 Members with Holes
Chapter 6: Members in Flexure [Go to Page]
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Yielding and Global (Lateral-Torsional) Buckling [Go to Page]
6.2.1 Initiation of Yielding and Global Buckling Strength
6.2.1.1 Open Sections Bending About Symmetric Axis
6.2.1.2 Open Sections Bending About Nonsymmetric Principal Axis
6.2.1.3 Open Point Symmetric Sections
6.2.1.4 Closed Box Sections
6.2.1.5 Closed Cylindrical Tubular Sections
6.2.2 Inelastic Reserve Strength
6.3 Local Buckling Interacting with Yielding and Global Buckling [Go to Page]
6.3.1 Effective Width Method
6.3.1.1 Members without Holes
6.3.1.2 Members with Holes
6.3.2 Direct Strength Method
6.3.2.1 Members without Holes
6.3.2.2 Members with Holes
6.3.2.3 Members Considering Local Inelastic Reserve Strength
6.3.3 Closed Cylindrical Tubular Sections
6.4 Distortional Buckling [Go to Page]
6.4.1 Members without Holes
6.4.2 Members with Holes
6.4.3 Members Considering Distortional Inelastic Reserve Strength
Chapter 7: Members in Shear and Web Crippling [Go to Page]
7.1 General Requirements
7.2 Shear Strength of Webs without Holes [Go to Page]
7.2.1 Flexural Members without Transverse Web Stiffeners
7.2.2 Flexural Members with Transverse Web Stiffeners
7.2.3 Web Elastic Shear Buckling Force, Vcr
7.3 Shear Strength of C-Section Webs with Holes
7.4 Transverse Web Stiffeners [Go to Page]
7.4.1 Conforming Transverse Web Stiffeners
7.4.2 Nonconforming Transverse Web Stiffeners
7.5 Web Crippling Strength of Webs without Holes
7.6 Web Crippling Strength of C-Section Webs with Holes
7.7 Bearing Stiffeners [Go to Page]
7.7.1 Compact Bearing Stiffeners
7.7.2 Stud and Track Type Bearing Stiffeners in C-Section Flexural Members
7.7.3 Nonconforming Stiffeners
Chapter 8: Members Under Combined Forces [Go to Page]
8.1 Combined Axial Load and Bending [Go to Page]
8.1.1 Combined Tensile Axial Load and Bending
8.1.2 Combined Compressive Axial Load and Bending
8.2 Combined Bending and Shear
8.3 Combined Bending and Web Crippling
8.4 Combined Bending and Torsional Loading
Chapter 9: Assemblies and Systems [Go to Page]
9.1 Built-Up Sections [Go to Page]
9.1.1 Flexural Members Composed of Two Back-to-Back C-Sections
9.1.2 Compression Members Composed of Two Sections in Contact
9.1.3 Spacing of Connections in Cover-Plated Sections
9.2 Systems with Mixed Materials
Chapter 10: Connections and Joints [Go to Page]
10.1 General Provisions
10.2 Welded Connections [Go to Page]
10.2.1 Groove Welds in Butt Joints
10.2.2 Arc Spot Welds
10.2.2.1 Minimum Edge and End Distance
10.2.2.2 Shear
10.2.2.2.1 Shear Strength for Sheet(s) Welded to a Thicker Supporting Member
10.2.2.2.2 Shear Strength for Sheet-to-Sheet Connections
10.2.2.3 Tension
10.2.2.4 Combined Shear and Tension on an Arc Spot Weld
10.2.3 Arc Seam Welds
10.2.3.1 Minimum Edge and End Distance
10.2.3.2 Shear
10.2.3.2.1 Shear Strength for Sheet(s) Welded to a Thicker Supporting Member
10.2.3.2.2 Shear Strength for Sheet-to-Sheet Connections
10.2.4 Top Arc Seam Sidelap Welds
10.2.4.1 Shear Strength of Top Arc Seam Sidelap Welds
10.2.5 Fillet Welds
10.2.6 Flare Groove Welds
10.2.7 Resistance Welds
10.3 Bolted Connections [Go to Page]
10.3.1 Minimum Spacing
10.3.2 Minimum Edge and End Distances
10.3.3 Bearing
10.3.3.1 Bearing Strength without Consideration of Bolt Hole Deformation
10.3.3.2 Bearing Strength with Consideration of Bolt Hole Deformation
10.3.4 Shear and Tension in Stainless Steel Bolts
10.4 Screw Connections [Go to Page]
10.4.1 Minimum Spacing
10.4.2 Minimum Edge and End Distances
10.4.3 Shear
10.4.3.1 Shear Strength Limited by Tilting and Bearing
10.4.3.2 Shear in Screws
10.4.4 Tension
10.4.4.1 Pull-Out Strength
10.4.4.2 Pull-Over Strength
10.4.4.3 Tension in Screws
10.4.5 Combined Shear and Tension
10.4.5.1 Combined Shear and Pull-Over
10.4.5.2 Combined Shear and Pull-Out
10.4.5.3 Combined Shear and Tension in Screws
10.5 Rupture [Go to Page]
10.5.1 Shear Rupture
10.5.2 Tension Rupture
10.5.3 Block Shear Rupture
Chapter 11: Strength for Special Cases [Go to Page]
11.1 Test Standards
11.2 Tests for Special Cases [Go to Page]
11.2.1 Tests for Determining Structural Performance
11.2.1.1 Load and Resistance Factor Design and Limit States Design
11.2.1.2 Allowable Strength Design
11.2.2 Tests for Confirming Structural Performance
11.2.3 Tests for Determining Mechanical Properties
11.2.3.1 Full Section
11.2.3.2 Flat Elements of Formed Sections
11.2.3.3 Virgin Stainless Steel
11.2.3.4 Determination of Stress-Strain Relationships
Chapter 12: Design for Serviceability [Go to Page]
12.1 Serviceability Determination for the Effective Width Method
12.2 Serviceability Determination for the Direct Strength Method
12.3 Flange Curling
12.4 Section Distortion [Go to Page]
12.4.1 Local Buckling
12.4.2 Distortional Buckling
Chapter 13: Design for Fatigue [Go to Page]
13.1 General
13.2 Calculation of Maximum Stresses and Stress Ranges
13.3 Design Stress Range
13.4 Bolts and Threaded Parts
13.5 Special Fabrication Requirements
Appendix A: Effective Width of Elements [Go to Page]
A1 Effective Width of Stiffened Elements [Go to Page]
A1.1 Uniformly Compressed Stiffened Elements with Circular or Noncircular Holes
A1.2 Webs and Other Stiffened Elements Under Stress Gradient
A1.3 C-Section Webs with Holes Under Stress Gradient
A1.4 Uniformly Compressed Elements Restrained by Intermittent Connections
A2 Effective Width of Unstiffened Elements [Go to Page]
A2.1 Uniformly Compressed Unstiffened Elements
A2.2 Unstiffened Elements and Edge Stiffeners with Stress Gradient
A3 Effective Width of Uniformly Compressed Elements with a Simple Lip Edge Stiffener
A4 Effective Width of Stiffened Elements with Single or Multiple Intermediate Stiffeners or Edge-Stiffened Elements with Intermediate Stiffener(s) [Go to Page]
A4.1 Effective Width of Uniformly Compressed Stiffened Elements with Single or Multiple Intermediate Stiffeners
A4.1.1 Specific Case: Single or n Identical Stiffeners, Equally Spaced
A4.1.2 General Case: Arbitrary Stiffener Size, Location, and Number
A4.2 Edge-Stiffened Elements with Intermediate Stiffener(s)
Appendix B: Elastic Buckling Analysis of Members [Go to Page]
B1 General Provisions
B2 Numerical Solutions
B3 Analytical Solutions [Go to Page]
B3.1 Members Subject to Compression
B3.1.1 Global Buckling (Fcre, Pcre)
B3.1.2 Local Buckling (Fcrℓ, Pcrℓ)
B3.1.3 Distortional Buckling (Fcrd, Pcrd)
B3.2 Members with Holes Subject to Compression
B3.2.1 Global Buckling (Fcre, Pcre) for Members with Holes
B3.2.1.1 Sections with Holes Not Subject to Torsional or Flexural-Torsional Buckling
B3.2.1.2 Singly Symmetric Sections (with Holes) Subject to Flexural-Torsional Buckling
B3.2.1.3 Doubly Symmetric or Point Symmetric Sections with Holes
B3.2.1.4 Nonsymmetric Sections with Holes
B3.2.2 Local Buckling (Fcrℓ, Pcrℓ) for Members with Holes
B3.2.3 Distortional Buckling (Fcrd, Pcrd) for Members with Holes
B3.3 Members Subject to Flexure
B3.3.1 Global Buckling (Fcre, Mcre)
B3.3.2 Local Buckling (Fcrℓ, Mcrℓ)
B3.3.3 Distortional Buckling (Fcrd, Mcrd)
B3.4 Members with Holes Subject to Flexure
B3.4.1 Global Buckling (Fcre, Mcre) for Members with Holes
B3.4.1.1 Open Sections (with Holes) Bending About Symmetric Axis
B3.4.1.2 Open Point Symmetric Sections with Holes
B3.4.1.3 Closed Box Section with Holes
B3.4.2 Local Buckling (Fcrℓ, Mcrℓ) for Members with Holes
B3.4.3 Distortional Buckling (Fcrd, Mcrd) for Members with Holes
B3.5 Shear Buckling (Vcr)
Appendix C: Material Properties [Go to Page]
C1 Mechanical properties
C2 Material Behavior [Go to Page]
C2.1 Stress-Strain Behavior
C2.2 Tangent Modulus
C2.3 Secant Modulus
C2.4 Effective Proportional Limit-to-Yield Strength
Chapter C1: General Provisions [Go to Page]
C1.1 Scope, Applicability, and Definitions [Go to Page]
C1.1.1 Scope
C1.1.2 Applicability
C1.1.3 Definitions
C1.1.4 Units of Symbols and Terms
C1.2 Reference Codes and Standards
C1.3 Material [Go to Page]
C1.3.1.4 Welding
C1.3.1.5 Mechanical Assemblies
C1.3.2 Other Stainless Steels
C1.3.2.1 Ductility
C1.3.3 Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation
C1.3.4 Corrosion Performance
C1.3.4.1 Service Environment Assessment
C1.3.4.2 Minimum Specification Requirements to Avoid Corrosion Failure
C1.3.4.2.1 Galvanic Corrosion
C1.3.4.2.2 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking
C1.3.4.2.3 Crevice Corrosion
C1.3.4.2.4 Salt or Brackish Water Immersion
C1.3.5 Yield Stress and Strength Increase from Cold Work of Forming
C1.3.5.1 Yield Stress
C1.3.5.2 Strength Increase from Cold Work of Forming
Chapter C2: Design Requirements [Go to Page]
C2.1 General Provisions
C2.2 Loads and Load Combinations
C2.3 Design Basis [Go to Page]
C2.3.1 Required Strength
C2.3.2 Design for Strength
C2.3.3 Design for Structural Members
C2.3.4 Design for Connections
C2.3.5 Design for Stability
C2.3.6 Design for Serviceability
C2.3.7 Design for Fatigue
C2.3.8 Design for Corrosion Effects
C2.4 Dimensional Limits and Considerations [Go to Page]
C2.4.1 Limitations for Use of the Effective Width Method or the Direct Strength Method
C2.4.2 Members Falling Outside the Applicability Limits
C2.5 Member Properties
C2.6 Material Properties
C2.7 Quality Control and Quality Assurance [Go to Page]
C2.7.1 Delivered Minimum Thickness
Chapter C3: Design for Stability [Go to Page]
C3.1 Design for System Stability [Go to Page]
C3.1.1.1.2 Consideration of Initial Imperfections
C3.1.1.1.3 Modification of Section Stiffness
Chapter C4: Members in Tension
Chapter C5: Members in Compression [Go to Page]
C5.2 Yielding and Global (Flexural, Flexural-Torsional, and Torsional) Buckling
C5.3 Local Buckling Interacting With Yielding and Global Buckling [Go to Page]
C5.3.1 Effective Width Method
C5.3.2 Direct Strength Method
C5.3.3 Closed Cylindrical Tubular Sections
C5.4 Distortional Buckling
Chapter C6: Members in Flexure [Go to Page]
C6.2 Yielding and Global (Lateral-Torsional) Buckling [Go to Page]
C6.2.1 Initiation of Yielding and Global Buckling Strength
C6.2.1.4 Closed Box Sections
C6.2.1.5 Closed Cylindrical Tubular Sections
C6.2.2 Inelastic Reserve Strength
C6.3 Local Buckling Interacting With Yielding and Global Buckling [Go to Page]
C6.3.1 Effective Width Method
C6.3.2 Direct Strength Method
C6.3.2.3 Members Considering Local Inelastic Reserve Strength
C6.3.3 Closed Cylindrical Tubular Sections
C6.4 Distortional Buckling
Chapter C7: Members in Shear and Web Crippling [Go to Page]
C7.2 Shear Strength of Webs Without Holes [Go to Page]
C7.2.1 Flexural Members without Transverse Web Stiffeners
C7.2.2 Flexural Members with Transverse Web Stiffeners
C7.3 Shear Strength of C-Section Webs With Holes
C7.4 Transverse Web Stiffeners [Go to Page]
C7.4.1 Conforming Transverse Web Stiffeners
C7.5 Web Crippling Strength of Webs Without Holes
C7.6 Web Crippling Strength of C-Section Webs With Holes
C7.7 Bearing Stiffeners
Chapter C8: Members Under Combined Forces [Go to Page]
C8.1 Combined Axial Load and Bending
C8.2 Combined Bending and Shear
C8.3 Combined Bending and Web Crippling
C8.4 Combined Bending and Torsional Loading
Chapter C9: Assemblies and Systems [Go to Page]
C9.1 Built-Up Sections [Go to Page]
C9.1.1 Flexural Members Composed of Two Back-to-Back C-Sections
C9.1.2 Compression Members Composed of Two Sections in Contact
C9.1.3 Spacing of Connections in Cover-Plated Sections
C9.2 Systems with Mixed Materials
Chapter C10: Connections and Joints [Go to Page]
C10.2 Welded Connections [Go to Page]
C10.2.1 Groove Welds in Butt Joints
C10.2.2 Arc Spot Welds
C10.2.2.2 Shear
C10.2.2.2.1 Shear Strength for Sheet(s) Welded to a Thicker Supporting Member
C10.2.2.2.2 Shear Strength for Sheet-to-Sheet Connections
C10.2.2.3 Tension
C10.2.2.4 Combined Shear and Tension on an Arc Spot Weld
C10.2.3 Arc Seam Welds
C10.2.3.2.1 Shear Strength for Sheet(s) Welded to a Thicker Supporting Member
C10.2.3.2.2 Shear Strength for Sheet-to-Sheet Connections
C10.2.4 Top Arc Seam Sidelap Welds
C10.2.4.1 Shear Strength of Top Arc Seam Sidelap Welds
C10.2.5 Fillet Welds
C10.2.6 Flare Groove Welds
C10.2.7 Resistance Welds
C10.3 Bolted Connections [Go to Page]
C10.3.3 Bearing
C10.3.3.1 Bearing Strength without Consideration of Bolt Hole Deformation
C10.3.3.2 Bearing Strength with Consideration of Bolt Hole Deformation
C10.3.4 Shear and Tension in Stainless Steel Bolts
C10.4 Screw Connections
C10.5 Rupture
Chapter C11: Strength for Special Cases [Go to Page]
C11.1 Test Standards
C11.2 Tests for Special Cases [Go to Page]
C11.2.1.1 Load and Resistance Factor Design and Limit States Design
C11.2.1.2 Allowable Strength Design
C11.2.2 Tests for Confirming Structural Performance
C11.2.3 Tests for Determining Mechanical Properties
Chapter C12: Design for Serviceability [Go to Page]
C12.1 Serviceability Determination for the Effective Width Method
C12.2 Serviceability Determination for the Direct Strength Method
C12.3 Flange Curling
C12.4 Section Distortion
Chapter C13: Design for Fatigue [Go to Page]
C13.1 General
C13.4 Bolts and Threaded Parts
C13.5 Special Fabrication Requirements
Appendix CA: Effective Width of Elements
Appendix CB: Elastic Buckling Analysis of Members
Appendix CC: Material Properties [Go to Page]
CC1 Mechanical properties
CC2 Material Behavior
REFERENCES
Index_online.pdf
INDEX [Go to Page]

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